Periodontics

What is Periodontics?

Periodontics is a branch of dentistry that focuses on the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases affecting the supporting tissues of the teeth, such as the gums, alveolar bone, periodontal ligament, and cementum. A periodontist treats periodontal diseases (like gingivitis and periodontitis) and performs procedures to maintain or restore the health of these essential structures for the stability and longevity of the teeth.

Specialties and Procedures

A periodontist specializes in various areas involving the health of the gums and bones that support the teeth. Common procedures include deep cleaning of the roots of the teeth (scaling and root planing), surgeries to reduce periodontal pockets, bone grafts to rebuild bone support, and gum grafts to cover exposed roots. Additionally, periodontists perform dental implant placements and maintain peri-implant health.

When to See a Periodontist?

It is recommended to see a periodontist if you notice symptoms such as bleeding gums, swollen or receding gums, persistent bad breath, tooth mobility, or discomfort when chewing. These signs may indicate the presence of periodontal disease, which, if left untreated, can lead to tooth loss. Patients planning to get dental implants or with a family history of periodontal disease should also consider consulting a periodontist.

Symptoms and How a Periodontist Can Help

Common symptoms of periodontal disease include bleeding when brushing or flossing, sensitive gums, gum recession, teeth appearing longer due to root exposure, and new gaps between teeth. A periodontist can help by accurately diagnosing the condition, performing deep cleaning of affected areas, and, if necessary, conducting surgeries to restore the health of the tissues. Early intervention is crucial to prevent disease progression and preserve natural teeth.

Prevention of Periodontal Diseases

Preventing periodontal diseases starts with good oral hygiene. This includes proper brushing at least twice a day, daily flossing, and regular visits to the dentist for professional cleanings. Additionally, avoiding smoking, maintaining a balanced diet, and managing systemic diseases like diabetes are essential for preventing periodontal problems. Regular check-ups with a periodontist can help detect any early signs of periodontal disease, allowing for effective treatment before the condition worsens.

Periodontal Treatments

Scaling and Root Planing

This treatment involves deep cleaning below the gum line to remove plaque and tartar from the roots of the teeth. Root planing smooths the root surfaces to prevent future plaque buildup. This is the most common treatment for early-stage periodontitis and is crucial for stopping the progression of the disease.

Periodontal Pocket Reduction Surgery

As periodontal disease progresses, gums can pull away from the teeth, creating deep pockets where bacteria can accumulate. Pocket reduction surgery involves removing infected gum tissue and reducing the pocket depth to make it easier to maintain oral hygiene and prevent disease progression.

Bone Grafts

When significant bone loss occurs due to periodontitis, bone grafts may be necessary to regenerate the bone that supports the teeth. This procedure not only restores bone support but also prepares the area for future dental implant placement.

Gum Grafts

In cases of gum recession, a periodontist can perform gum grafts to cover exposed roots, protecting the teeth from sensitivity and decay. This procedure also improves the aesthetics of the smile by restoring the gum line.

Dental Implants

Periodontists are also specialists in placing dental implants, which replace missing teeth. The implant is placed in the jawbone and serves as a base for a crown, providing a permanent solution for tooth loss and helping maintain the structural integrity of the surrounding bone and gum.